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← Glossary·Earthwork

Triangulated Surface (TIN)

also called TIN, triangulated irregular network, ground model

A triangulated surface (TIN — triangulated irregular network) is a 3D model of a ground surface built from elevation points connected into triangles. Earthwork software computes cut and fill volumes by integrating between an existing-grade TIN and a proposed-grade TIN.

TIN-based earthwork is the bid-grade alternative to manual grid methods. Where a grid takes one elevation per cell and approximates the surface as a stack of prisms, a TIN connects every contour and design line into a continuous surface — capturing every break-line, slope change, and elevation transition in the data.

SiteWorx/OS reads existing-grade contours from the PDF or DWG, builds the existing TIN, then builds a separate proposed-grade TIN from the design lines. Volume between the two surfaces is computed by integrating the height difference across the surface area — exact for the source data.

Compared to the grid method, TIN-based volumes capture site variation that grid cells average away. For most commercial sitework, TIN volumes match surveyor calculations within 1-2%; grid volumes can drift 5-15% on sites with significant elevation change.

Related terms
  • Cut and Fill
  • Average End Area Method
  • Bank Volume
Use the math
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  • How to calculate cut and fill
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BidScreen XL adds PDF and CAD measurement directly to Excel. SiteWorx/OS handles earthwork cut and fill from drawings. Try either free for 14 days.

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